Plague of Justinian
Plague of Justinian, which occurred in the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) during the reign of Emperor Justinian I in the 6th century, is believed to have been caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. This bacterium is responsible for various forms of plague, including bubonic, septicemic, and pneumonic plague.
- Bubonic Plague: This form of plague is characterized by the sudden onset of fever, chills, weakness, and the appearance of painful, swollen lymph nodes (buboes). These buboes are usually located in the groin, armpit, or neck.
- Septicemic Plague: In septicemic plague, the bacteria spread to the bloodstream, causing symptoms such as fever, chills, low blood pressure, abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. The skin may also develop a dark discoloration.
- Pneumonic Plague: This form of plague affects the lungs and can cause respiratory symptoms such as cough, chest pain, and difficulty breathing. Pneumonic plague can be transmitted through the air, making it more contagious than bubonic plague.